On August 10-12, the World Science and Technology Innovation Forum was held at the Beijing Convention Center, including more than 20 Nobel Prize winners including Kip Thorne, Thomas J. Sargent, Michael Levitt and Zhu Xiwen, as well as Academician Cao Chunxiao of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the United States. Chen Gang, an academician of the National Academy of Engineering, and many other top Chinese and foreign scholars and experts were invited to attend the event to create an unprecedented feast of the highest level of wisdom in China, to explore the achievements of global scientific and technological innovation, and to depict the blueprint for China's technological innovation in the future.
At the forum, Prof. Nakamura Shuji, winner of the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics, gave a speech entitled “The Invention of High-Efficiency Blue LEDs and the Future of Solid-State Lighting”. In the speech, Nakamura said that LED lighting will play an important role in improving the global ecological environment. "Global warming is indeed a challenge that all countries and governments need to solve. If the world can use LED lighting, it will be greatly reduced. Energy consumption."
After introducing his experience in developing blue LEDs, Professor Nakamura introduced his future lighting trends. The following is a record of his speech in this part, let's take a look:
We have entered the third era of solid-state laser lighting. Here, comparing the difference between blue LEDs and laser diodes, we see that blue LEDs need to increase their energy density. At high power density, blue LEDs are inferior, but if laser LEDs are used, their energy density will be very high.
If it is lighting, use a very small chip, this is the benefit of laser LED, its size is as large as a chip, and its lighting effect is a thousand times that of blue LED, so if you use laser lighting, you can The earth reduces the cost of lighting. Especially in China, there are so many new cinemas. If you can use this laser player, then it is very bright. If you go to the cinema to watch movies in China, you will find that the film projector used in China is a laser projection. Machine, the effect is very good.
In addition, its price is cheaper, and now has a 100-inch laser TV, compared with the existing TV, compared with the current LCD TV or OLED TV has a more cost advantage. For example, OLED TVs cost 10,000, but laser TVs are cheaper than them. There is also a laser projector we are talking about, and its size is also miniaturized. In the future, there will be a 50-inch laser TV, and the price is cheaper. I think this technology will represent the future development trend of TV sets.
There is also a headlight for the car. Now the LED headlights can only be used for 300 meters, but the laser can take one kilometer. Laser headlights, first of all, the headlights will be very small, not as big as they are now. With smaller laser headlights, like a projector, if LEDs are used as headlights, the LED chips are so large, and based on the current low energy density, it is even bigger. If we use laser illumination, it is smaller in size, and we can see that this laser has various benefits as a car headlight. Today's car designers are looking for the smallest car headlights.
We can also use laser welding, laser cutting and laser radar, here we see infrared rays, etc. We see the size of the beam. If the beam of the laser is too large, it is inconvenient to use, the CD is the largest, the DVD is slightly smaller, and the blue light is currently the smallest. , 400 nanometers, so its beam is smaller. So the blue LED has a smaller beam and has its advantages over DVD and CD. This is especially suitable for laser welding and laser cutting, so its beam is very small and accurate when you cut it. It is very accurate compared to other light sources and is suitable for today's cutting and welding work. And because this blue light uses a laser, its energy density is also high. This is a concrete example. Laser cutting and welding are currently using infrared rays, and blue light cutting will be used in the future.
This is the film of Star Wars. It has already gone ahead. It predicts the emergence of laser weapons. The laser has a very high energy density, and it is more powerful in terms of aiming and firepower. There is also the use of laser radar, Ladar is mainly required for autonomous driving technology, there will be this ladar on the roof, then it will scan to go to the distance to form an image, use this radar to scan, but now they use the infrared method, if In the future, we will use Blu-ray to make this radar smaller. We can improve the clarity of ladar imaging. The current imaging rate is very low. Just like the old TV, if we use the blue radar in the future, its imaging rate will be very high and very clear, reducing the number of accidents caused by the accident, because by improving imaging The clarity can reduce traffic accidents.
For example, Apple X, which has a face recognition function, uses infrared recognition technology, but its imaging rate is very low and unclear. But if we use Blu-ray radar diodes, our face recognition will be more accurate in the future, it can identify everyone's face, very accurate face recognition. We use Blu-ray radar diodes to replace all infrared diodes. This is also a very big opportunity, the light fidelity opportunity, also known as visible light wireless communication. Very fast, very suitable for communication.
At present, our communication is mainly WiFi, WiFi uses radio channels, and our Blu-ray laser has a higher frequency, that is, the bandwidth can be very wide, has many advantages, and will not be affected by noise, future applications. The outlook is very optimistic. For example, data transmission, WiFi people currently use 3G or 4G network, 4G data transmission is relatively slow, only 0.3GB per second, this is 4G. But now people are developing the next generation of WiFi, called 5G, 5G is only 10GB per second.
But when it comes to laser transmission, when it comes to photo-fidelity technology, when it can reach 100G per second, then LiFi will bring great breakthroughs in future radio communication technology, and the transmission speed will be greatly improved, so LOD has already Come to us.
5G is not ready today, 4G is still not fast enough, but now LIFI has come to our door, and LiFi is a very simple technology, this light fidelity technology is very simple, because we can install LED lighting equipment everywhere. LED lighting is everywhere, which can promote LiFi as a convenient factor for visible light wireless communication equipment. Later, smartphone companies and so on will pay close attention to the development of this technology.